Washer device



May 22, 1928. 1,670,890

L. ILLMER WASHER DEVICE v Filed Oct. 22, 1926 INVENTOR 444 \MLWM.

Patented May 2 2, '1928.

UNITED? .STATES 1,670,890 EN E- LOUIB m3, OF CORTLAND, NEW YORK.

WASHER DEVICE.

Application filed October 22, 1H8. Serial 10. 143,187.

My invention relates to improvements in the art of washers and more particularly to such perforated metal discs of the rela-' tively rigid type as are ordinarily used beneath a nut, bolt head or other similar screw.

. fastening means for the purpose of allowing the nut loadto be properly distributed over the bolted working parts".

A primary object is to provide for a suit-,

able washer of this character adapted to bring about a substantial reduction in weight oflmaterial over that heretofore needed to meet these requirements. The common ractice is to stamp washers out of relatively heavy sheet metal in the form of a plain perforated 'disc whose overall thickness in the .finished article remains substantial] equal to that of the sheet metal from whic they are fabricated, while in the presentdevice, it is contemplated to utilize a hollow box or truss-girder washer formation; for

. any given diametral dimension, this improved type may be made ,of thinner sheet metal than applies to the conventional washer, and this thinner metal is then corrugated or fluted in a novel manner in order to impart thereto'a large measure of inherent transverse rigidity, to the end that such fluted washer may be made.to carry the full boltload and distribute the same over the clamped working part without undue dishing or other abnormal distortions.

It is preferred to resort 'to two groups or rows of interspaced sector-like flat' pads respectively aligned with the opposite washer sides and these pads are disposed in staggered or interposed relation around the washer aperture. The contiguous radial sector edges of the respective pad groups are inturned and inte rally connected to constitute primary we s extending between the washer sides;' these radial or spoke-like girder members are in turn given a'lateral bracing effect by, means of auxiliary chordwise webs adapted to partly or wholly surround the washer axis.

The invention also includes certain structural modifications and comprises various other features, all of which will be more fully set forth hereinafter. Reference is had to the accompanying one sheet drawing which illustrates a specific embodiment of my invention, like characters of reference refer to like parts in the several views, and-in which drawings:

Figure 1 is a plan view of an improved hollow washer provided with radially disposed indented corrugations or flutes be! tween the opposite side faces thereof, while Figure 1A is a cross-sectional view taken along the broken line 1A-.1A of Figure 11 Figure 2 shows said washer disposed underboth the bolt head and the nut as applied to drawing together two plate members or the like. 5

Figure 3 illustrates a modified form of washer in that the washer aperture is provided with a concentric reinforcing ring and with plural radial flutes extending to the of radially disposed disc of the truss-girder type preferably fabric'ated from sheet metal or casting whose mean gauge thickness is thinner than that of the overall finished washer thicknesses t. The two disc sides 1A "and 1B are spaced by said distance t and these are provided with an aligned bolt hole or other centrally disposed aperture 10. Said disc sides -.may be indentedor corrugated by stampin methods or otherwise, to form a series 0 alternately disposed shallow flutes .-0r washes sector elements.- Of these, the 'outer radial flutes may each comprise a. flat disc sector "face or contact pad 2A which is shown as lying adjacent to the lower washer side 1B and extending out to the periphe thereof. This particular type of flute 1n entation may be given a partial box shape having complementary. inturned radial or primary webs disposed in spokelike fashion such as 2B and a'transverse brace or auxili web wall element 2C which also exten between said sides 1A and 1B and isdisposed chordwise with respect to said primary webs. The inner flute.

rection and comprises a disc sector or contact pad 3A which is shown as extending into the washer aperture 1C and as havin complementary cross-walls such as 3B an also an offset; web wall element 36. While .is here formed similarly but in reverse 'di the lower contact face of both pads 2A and 3A'lie in the plane of the side 1B, the set of complementary pads 2A and 3A are paced therefrom and made tolie in the axis of the upper side face 1A. It will be observed that the plural pad indentations 2A and 3A respectively alternate and that the corresponding reversed web walls 20 and 3C are interconnected endcompared to that a orded by a plain disc of correspondin gauge thickness when used without the escribed radial flutes or other lateral reinforcing means.

The application of my improved washer is shownin Figure 2 where-said devices are disposed on both sides of the working plates A and B and these are clamped to ether by means of the bolt C. The was or here designated as D may be identical with that previously described and is likewise intended to'present a series of spaced surface pads on each of itsside faces 1A and 1B, and this feature practically renders ;the washer reversible. As shown in Figure l, the shallow face -in'dent'ations'prov' ed for the surface 113 may be madesom'ew at larger in a gregate void s aces or gaps between its p ural contact pa than applies to the opposite face 1A, -This' eater pad pitch 1n the broken surface, lfi is more readily bridged by th0 "b01t member while as indicated, it is preferred to place the face 1A- against the plates A or B. Should either of'these plates be made of relatively soft mategial such'iis wood .or thelike the washer might become? partially or wholly embedded ther in, whereupon the entire washer. surface ultimately would come into play. to resist crushingiand better distribute its full quota of load." the'case of metal'aplates, there would heno perceptible embed ing' but owing to the rigid box-1ike internal structure designed to kee said contact pads properly spaced, the fu bolt load may be carried without 'abnormal crushing efl'ects. It is preferred to radially dispose said disc'flutes in resisting dishing'eifects on part of. the

and to interconnect the various adfaces by means-of a system of truss-gr er members for the reason that such 'spo'sition rovides for a greater degree of lateral sti ness It, may be expedient but not ewential to further reinforce the spaced washer contact pads by than'one concentric corrugation similar in disposition to the ring shaped web or girder element 2C-and previouslydescribed. Such -a'.secondif.ringflmember is preferably "fashioned into a teral reinlike member-'havmg' spaced opposite sides I forcement placed closely around the washer a erture in the manner indicated by 4A in igures 3 and 4.

Figures 5 and-6 showa'further modification of ring elementsin that two such andless concentric girder members 6C and 6C are used and these are cross-connected by a series ofspaced radial indentations such as 6D. The rings 6G and 6C virtually form the legs of a cross-sectionally cup shaped section of which the flat crown or top ads 61}; lie adjacent to'the side face marke 1B while the leg ends of said cup shape are a respectively turned outwardly to constitute the foot elements 6F and 6F and serve as endless contact pads for this modified type of washer.

The described modifications broadly embody similar underlying reinforcing principles in so far as the improved disposition of metal makes the described washer more rigid against lateral flexure; for any given overall disc dimens1ons, my improved washer afiords a holding power substantially equal to that of the conventional washer but at a considerable reduction in metal requirements, especially so as applied to larger washer sizes where the resultingmonetar saving naturally becomes more pronounce It is further pointed out that for sake of clearness'in disclosure, the sheet metal as.

portrayed in the drawings, is shown thinner than would be e dlent to use in practice,

audit is preferre to kee I the described indentations relatively shal ow with a view of. bringing about awei ht reduction of somewhere in'the neighbor 00d of one half of the conventional sohd disc ty of washer.

Obviously the described ods are-subject to a rather wide variation in reinforcing methapplication and it willbe understood that I do not wish to be limited to the specific embodiments set forth herein as an example of my improvements, since various changes in structure, shape and other co-ordinated arrangements may be resorted to without-departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as herein described and more particularly defined :in the appended claims. 1

I claim 1, In a relativelyrigid apertured washer and fabricated from material whose mean thlckness is less than the aforesaid side spacing, said sides bein oppositely indented to shape said materia into tram-girder forfmatio'nadapted to shape up two com lementary groups of interspaced sector- 'ke' pad faces respectively alignedwith said 0 ite washer sides and dis sed in a r2- ially staggered relation linings-the v contiguous ed es of the respective interposed pa 1 %y' interconnected by webmeims ar integral ranged il hi'SPQkQ-hkQ fashion.

spacing, said side's being oppositely indented by complementary pad sector elements vadapted to alignwith the opposite washer sides in a radiallystaggered relation having the contiguous edges of the respective interposed pad faces inturned toward each other and interconnected to impart augmented rigidity to'th'e washer against transverse dishing.

In an apertured washer-like member having spaced opposite sides and fabricated from material whose mean thickness is less- I eratmg web-like member disposed in chordthan the aforesaid side spacing, said sides being oppositely indented to shape up two complementary groups of interspaced sector-like pad facesrespectively aligned with the opposite washer'si'des and disposed in a radially staggered relation, the contiguous said washer against dishing flexure.

edges of such interposed pads being Interconnected by primary '-web means-arrange in spoke-like fashion, and auxiliary webmeans laterally bracing said primary means and disposed in chord-wise fashion thereto.

4. In an apertured washer-like member having spaced opposite side faces and fabricated from material whose meanthickness is less than the aforesaid face spacing, said side facesbeing fluted radially with respect to the aperture to shape up two complementary groups of interposed sector-like pad faces respectively aligned with the opposite washer sides and disposed inradial y staggered relation with the contiguous edges of such interposed pads inturned toward each other and interconnected to constitute spoke-like primary webs which cooperate with auxiliary chordwise web means to impart augmented transverse rigidity to 5. In an apertured washer-like member having spaced opposite sides and fabricated from material whose mean thickness is less than the aforesaid side spacing and one of which sides is fluted witha plurality of spaced indentations extending toward the outer edge thereof while the other side is fluted with a plurality of indentations extending inwardly toward the washer 'aper;

ure, said last named flutes being interposed between the first named flutes.-

6, In an apertured washer-like member having spaced opposite sides and fabricated from material whose mean thickness is less than the afo'resaidside spacing, a plurality wise fashion between certain of said spokelike webs.

7. In an apertured washer-like member having spaced opposite sides and fabricated from sheet metal whose mean thicknes is less than the aforesaid side spacing and one d of which sides is indented to shape up a group of interspaced sector-like pad faces of which the respective radial edges are inturned toward the opposite washer sideto form-primary spoke-like web member-sandan auxiliary web element disposed transversely with respect to each pair-of the aforesaid ke-likewebs and adapted to surround s t e washer aperture and .extend between said opposite sides for lateral reinforcingv 8. In an apertured washer-like member from material whose mean thickness is less purposes against transverse dishing of the was er than the aforesaid side spacing, [said sides being broken up by spaced indentures or gaps to form contact pad facesadapted to ali with the respective sides and which in entations in one of the sides are radially disposed and each limited to a partial or incomplete circumferential gap.

In testimony whereof, Ihave herewith set my hand this QOth-day of October, 1926. 

